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A Arte da Técnica Oil On Copper |
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Introdução: A técnica Oil On Copper é uma forma de pintura que envolve o uso de pigmentos com um meio de óleo seco como ligação. Ela tem sido a técnica mais comum para pinturas artísticas em tela, painel de madeira ou cobre por muitos séculos, espalhando-se da Europa para o resto do mundo. As vantagens da óleo para a pintura incluem "maior flexibilidade, cores mais ricas e densas, uso de camadas e um maior alcance de luz para escuridão". Mas o processo é mais lento, especialmente quando uma camada de tinta precisa ser pe... |
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A Arte da Técnica Oil On Copper
Introdução: A técnica Oil On Copper é uma forma de pintura que envolve o uso de pigmentos com um meio de óleo seco como ligação. Ela tem sido a técnica mais comum para pinturas artísticas em tela, painel de madeira ou cobre por muitos séculos, espalhando-se da Europa para o resto do mundo. As vantagens da óleo para a pintura incluem "maior flexibilidade, cores mais ricas e densas, uso de camadas e um maior alcance de luz para escuridão". Mas o processo é mais lento, especialmente quando uma camada de tinta precisa ser permitida a secar antes que outra seja aplicada.
História: As pinturas em óleo sobre cobre mais antigas conhecidas foram criadas por artistas budistas no Afeganistão e datam do século VII d.C. O óleo foi usado por europeus para pintar estát
---> Painting by 'Adriaen Brouwer' : Smokers in an Inn
(( 18 x 23 cm , National Museum in Warsaw (Warsaw, Poland) , Baroque , Oil On Copper , )))
---> Painting by 'Jan The Younger Brueghel' : Aeneas and the Sibyl in the Underworld
(( The literary reference for the subject depicted on this early example of Flemish oil on copper was the classical author Virgil’s Aeneid. The infernal .. , 27 x 36 cm , The Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, United States Of America) , Oil On Copper , )))
---> Painting by 'Pietropoli Patrick' : Venice I
(( 81 x 81 cm , Contemporary Realism , Oil On Copper , )))
---> Painting by 'Jean Leon Gerome Ferris' : The Odysseus
(( Academicism , Oil On Copper , )))
---> Painting by 'Annibale Carracci' : Pietà
(( 41 x 61 cm , Kunsthistorisches Museum (Vienna, Austria) , Baroque , Oil On Copper , )))
# Informations from Wikipedia.org :
---> Oil painting [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_painting] :
Oil painting is a painting method involving the procedure of painting with pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder. It has been the most common technique for artistic painting on canvas, wood panel or copper for several centuries, spreading from Europe to the rest of the world. The advantages of oil for painting images include "greater flexibility, richer and denser colour, the use of layers, and a wider range from light to dark". But the process is slower, especially when one layer of paint needs to be allowed to dry before another is applied.
The oldest known oil paintings were created by Buddhist artists in Afghanistan and date back to the 7th century AD. Oil paint was used by Europeans for painting statues and woodwork from at least the 12th century, but its common use for painted images began with Early Netherlandish painting in Northern Europe, and by the height of the Renaissance, oil painting techniques had almost completely replaced the use of egg tempera paints for panel paintings in most of Europe, though not for Orthodox icons or wall paintings, where tempera and fresco, respectively, remained the usual choice.
Commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil, and safflower oil. The choice of oil imparts a range of properties to the paint, such as the amount of yellowing or drying time. The paint could be thinned with turpentine. Certain differences, depending on the oil, are also visible in the sheen of the paints. An artist might use several different oils in the same painting depending on specific pigments and effects desired. The paints themselves also develop a particular consistency depending on the medium. The oil may be boiled with a resin, such as pine resin or frankincense, to create a varnish to provide protection and texture. The paint itself can be moulded into different textures depending on its plasticity.
== Techniques ==
Traditional oil painting techniques often begin with the artist sketching the subject onto the canvas with charcoal or thinned paint. Oil paint is usually mixed with linseed oil, artist grade mineral spirits, or other solvents to make the paint thinner, faster or slower-drying. (Because the solvents thin the oil in the paint, they can also be used to clean paint brushes.) A basic rule of oil paint application is 'fat over lean', meaning that each additional layer of paint should contain more oil than the layer below to allow proper drying. If each additional layer contains less oil, the final painting will crack and peel. The consistency on the canvas depend on the layering of the oil paint. This rule does not ensure permanence; it is the quality and type of oil that leads to a strong and stable paint film.
There are other media that can be used with the oil, including cold wax, resins, and varnishes. These additional media can aid the painter
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